KPL/IK LAMP Instrument Kernel ============================================================================== This instrument kernel (I-kernel) contains references to the mounting alignment, internal and FOV geometry for the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO) Lyman-Alpha Mapping Project (LAMP) UV imaging spectroscopy remote sensing package. Version and Date ---------------------------------------------------------- The TEXT_KERNEL_ID stores version information of loaded project text kernels. Each entry associated with the keyword is a string that consists of four parts: the kernel name, version, entry date, and type. For example, the LAMP I-kernel might have an entry as follows: TEXT_KERNEL_ID += 'LRO_LAMP V0.0.0 11-JANUARY-2008 IK' | | | | | | | | KERNEL NAME <-------+ | | | | | V VERSION <-------+ | KERNEL TYPE | V ENTRY DATE LAMP I-Kernel Version: \begindata TEXT_KERNEL_ID += 'LRO_LAMP V0.0.3 05-MAY-2010 IK' NAIF_BODY_NAME += ( 'LRO_LAMP' ) NAIF_BODY_CODE += ( -85300 ) \begintext Version 0.0.0 -- January 11, 2008 -- Thomas Greathouse Version 0.0.1 -- February 1, 2008 -- Thomas Greathouse -add position vectors of corners and centers of pixels along the slit -- Draft Version. NOT YET APPROVED BY INSTRUMENT TEAM. Version 0.0.2 -- January 19, 2010 -- Andrew Steffl - incorporate in-flight alignment information from stellar scans - change FOV shape to "POLYGON" Version 0.0.3 -- May 5, 2010 -- David E. Kaufmann - address comments of Boris Semenov per his email of 16 Mar 2010 References ---------------------------------------------------------- 1. "Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter Overview: The instrument Suite and Mission", Gordon Chin et al. 2007, Space Sci. Rev. DOI 10.1007/s11214-007-9153-y 2. ``Kernel Pool Required Reading'' 3. Draft Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter Project, Spacecraft Operations Description Manual (SODM) Contact Information ---------------------------------------------------------- Thomas Greathouse, SwRI San Antonio, (210) 522-2809, tgreathouse@swri.edu Andrew Steffl, SwRI Boulder, (303) 546-9670 David E. Kaufmann, SwRI Boulder, (720) 240-0119, kaufmann@boulder.swri.edu Implementation Notes ---------------------------------------------------------- This file is used by the SPICE system as follows: programs that make use of this instrument kernel must ``load'' the kernel, normally during program initialization. Loading the kernel associates data items with their names in a data structure called the ``kernel pool''. The SPICELIB routine FURNSH, CSPICE routine furnsh_c, and IDL and MATLAB routines cspice_furnsh load SPICE kernels as shown below: FORTRAN (SPICELIB) CALL FURNSH ( 'kernel_name' ) C (CSPICE) furnsh_c ( "kernel_name" ) ICY (IDL) cspice_furnsh, 'frame_kernel_name' Mice (MATLAB) cspice_furnsh ( 'frame_kernel_name' ) In order for a program or subroutine to extract data from the pool, the SPICELIB routines GDPOOL, GCPOOL, and GIPOOL are used. See [2] for details. This file was created and may be updated with a text editor or word processor. Naming Conventions ---------------------------------------------------------- All names referencing values in this I-kernel start with the characters `INS' followed by the NAIF LRO spacecraft ID number (-85) followed by a NAIF three digit ID code for the LAMP instrument (300). The remainder of the name is an underscore character followed by the unique name of the data item. For example, the boresight direction in the of LAMP is specified by: INS-85300_BORESIGHT The upper bound on the length of the name of any data item is 32 characters. If the same item is included in more than one file, or if the same item appears more than once within a single file, the latest value supersedes any earlier values. LAMP Description ---------------------------------------------------------- From [1]: ``The LAMP instrument is a near-clone of the sensitive (~1 Rayleigh level), lightweight (~4 kg), low-power (~4 W) ALICE imaging UltraViolet Spectrometer (UVS) selected and delivered for flight on both the European Space Agency/NASA Rosetta comet orbiter (Slater et al. 2001) and NASA New Horizons missions (Stern et al. 2005).'' From [1]: ``The objectives of the Lyman-Alpha Mapping Project (LAMP) investigation are to: -Search for exposed water ice near the lunar poles and in PSRs using reflected Lyman Alpha sky-glow and far-ultraviolet starlight. -Obtain landform maps in the PSR regions and serve as a pathfinder for a lunar natural light night vision system. -Obtain data on the tenuous lunar atmosphere.'' From [1]: ``LAMP is comprised of a telescope and Rowland-circle spectrograph. LAMP has a single 40 x 40 mm^2 entrance aperture that feeds light to the telescope section of the instrument. Entering light is collected and focused by an f/3 off-axis paraboloidal (OAP) primary mirror at the back end of the telescope section onto the instrument's entrance slit. After passing through the entrance slit, the light falls onto a toroidal holographic diffraction grating, which disperses the light onto a double-delay line (DDL) microchannel plate (MCP) detector. The 2-D (1024 x 32)-pixel format detector is coated by a CsI solar-blind photocathode and has a cylindrically-curved MCP-stack that matches the Rowland-circle. LAMP is controlled by an Intel 8052 compatible microcontroller, and utilizes lightweight, compact, surface mount electronics to support the science detector, as well as the instrument support and interface electronics. The OAP mirror and diffraction grating are constructed from monolithic pieces of aluminum, coated with electroless nickel and polished using low-scatter polishing techniques. The aluminum optics, in conjunction the aluminum housing, form an a thermal optical design. Both the OAP mirror and the grating are overcoated with sputtered MgF2 for optimum reflectivity within the FUV spectral passband. Additional control of internal stray light is achieved using internal baffle vanes within both the telescope and spectrograph sections of the housing, a holographic diffraction grating that has low scatter and near-zero line ghost problems, and an internal housing with alodyned aluminum surfaces. In addition, the zero order baffle is treated with a nickel-phosphorus (Ni-P) black coating with very low surface reflectance at EUV/FUV wavelengths. The 2-D imaging photon-counting detector located in the spectrograph section of the instrument utilizes an MCP Z-stack that feeds the DDL readout array. The input surface of the Z-stack is coated with an opaque photocathode of CsI. The detector tube body is a custom design made of a lightweight brazed alumina-Kovar structure that is welded to a housing that supports the DDL anode array. To capture the entire 52-187 nm passband and 6 degree spatial FOV, the size of the detector's active area is 35 mm (in the dispersion direction) by 20 mm (in the spatial dimension), with a pixel format of 1024 x 32 pixels. The 6 degree slit-height is imaged onto the central 21 of the detector's 32 spatial channels; the remaining spatial channels are used for dark count monitoring. Our pixel format allows Nyquist sampling with a spectral resolution of 3.6 A, and an angular resolution of ~0.6 degrees. The LAMP instrument support electronics are largely single-string, but include redundant features in certain high-value areas (e.g., the power supplies). The LAMP electronics include two low-voltage power supplies, actuator electronics, the Command & Data Handling (C&DH) electronics, the optics decontamination heater system, and two detector high voltage power supplies. All of these elements are controlled by a radiation-hardened version of the Intel 8052 microprocessor with 32 kB of fuse programmable PROM, 128 kB of EEPROM, 32 kB of SRAM, and 128 kB of acquisition memory. The C&DH electronics are contained on four circuit boards located just behind the detector electronics.'' Field of View The slit opening shall have a FOV of 0.3 deg +/- 0.02 deg in the spectral dimension (slit width) by 6 deg +/- 0.1 deg in the spatial dimension (slit length). ORIENTATION GSFC shall align LAMP to the following requirements: a. The boresight shall be aligned to the spacecraft +Z axis to within 0.90 deg. b. The direction perpendicular to the 1024-element lines, and lying in the focal plane (Y axis), shall be aligned at 90 deg +/- 0.90 to the scan axis (X axis) of the spacecraft. . . LAMP will be mounted directly to the +Y side of the spacecraft's instrument module'' LAMP Field of View Parameters ---------------------------------------------------------- The diagram below illustrates the LAMP field of view. The LAMP entrance slit design shows the 0.3 deg x 6.0 deg science FOV. This diagram shows the actual position of the LAMP slit on the spacecraft, using the spacecraft coordinate system. LAMP SLIT DESIGN _____________________4_________________________ | | | | | | | 3.-. | | | | | ^ | | | | +Y | | 2| | | (deg) | | | | | | | | | | | | 1| | | | | | | | | | | | | |-----+-----+-----+----| |----+-----+-----+-----| -4 -3 -2 -1 | | 1 2 3 4 | | | | | -1| | <---------- LAMP | | | | FOV | | | | | | -2| | | | | | | | | | | | -3'-' | | | | | | | |____________________-4_|_______________________| ----------------> +X (deg) From [3] we have Rectangular FOVs (coordinates in parenthesis are in the spacecraft frame): ----------- -------------- ------------- ------------------- Detector Horizontal Vertical Cone Axis ----------- -------------- ------------- ------------------- LAMP 0.3 deg (in X) 6.0 deg (in Y) boresight (+Z) The LAMP boresight is approximately aligned to the spacecraft +Z axis. LAMP FOV Definition The LAMP frame is defined such that +Z axis in the instrument frame is the boresight, and +Y and +Z axes in the instrument frame are close to the spacecraft +Y and +Z axes, respectively. The LAMP field of view is the 6.0 degree by 0.3 degree instrument slit. The instrument optics (the OAP [off-axis parabolic] mirror) invert images, so that the projected field of view appears upside down. The OAP also introduces a small amount of distortion, such that the projection of the entrance slit onto the sky is no longer rectangular. The LAMP detector has 32 spatial pixels. However, the entrance slit is only imaged onto 21 rows near the center of the detector, corresponding to pixels 4-24, inclusive. Pixels 0-3 and 25-31 lie outside the boundaries of the actual instrument FOV. These spatial pixels are used to monitor the instrument dark count rate and the amount of internal scattered light. Since LAMP's angular separation in Y is 6.0 degrees, looking down the X axis in the LAMP frame we have: (Note we are arbitrarily choosing vectors that terminate in the Z=+1 plane.) ^ Y | inst | | | _. | _.-' | | _.-' o | |_.-' 3.0 | +-------------+----> X (in)`-._ o | +Z inst `-._3.0 | inst `-._ | `- |<----1.0---->| And LAMP's angular separation in X is 0.3 degrees, looking down the Y axis in the LAMP frame we have: (Note we are arbitrarily choosing vectors that terminate in the Z=+1 plane.) ^ X | inst | | | _. | _.-' | | _.-' o | |_.-' .15 | o-------------+----> Y (out)`-._ o | +Z inst `-._.15 | inst `-._ | `- |<----1.0---->| These FOV values for the airglow channel are given in the keywords below: The definition of the pixel centers (PIXEL_CENTERS) is an array of 32 different position vectors indicating the pointing to the center of each pixel in the spatial dimension of the detector (along the slit). The center of the 14th spatial pixel (starting with pixel 0) is the boresight. ^ -X inst | | | - - - -- -- -- -- |0|1|2|... ...|14|... ...|29|30|31| ----> - - - -- -- -- -- -Y inst +Z (in) inst Definition of corners: ^ -X inst | | | 35 34 65- - - -- 36--.--.--33 |0|1|2|... ...|14|... ...|29|30|31| ----> 0-1-2-3 -- 29--.--.--32 -Y inst 30 31 +Z (in) inst NOTE: the vectors pointing to center pixel and corner pixel positions are not unit vectors, but vectors to 1 in the +z plane. \begindata INS-85300_FOV_FRAME = 'LRO_LAMP' INS-85300_FOV_SHAPE = 'POLYGON' INS-85300_BORESIGHT = ( 0.0 0.0 1.0 ) INS-85300_FOV_CLASS_SPEC = 'CORNERS' INS-85300_FOV_BOUNDARY_CORNERS = ( 0.00140363 0.07261729 1.00000000 0.00155229 0.06779228 1.00000000 0.00169075 0.06294095 1.00000000 0.00181903 0.05806316 1.00000000 0.00193712 0.05315870 1.00000000 0.00204502 0.04822740 1.00000000 0.00214274 0.04326905 1.00000000 0.00223027 0.03828345 1.00000000 0.00230761 0.03327040 1.00000000 0.00237476 0.02822966 1.00000000 0.00243172 0.02316101 1.00000000 0.00247850 0.01806422 1.00000000 0.00251508 0.01293903 1.00000000 0.00254148 0.00778519 1.00000000 0.00255770 0.00260244 1.00000000 0.00256372 -0.00260951 1.00000000 0.00255956 -0.00785092 1.00000000 0.00254520 -0.01312210 1.00000000 0.00252066 -0.01842334 1.00000000 0.00248594 -0.02375497 1.00000000 0.00244102 -0.02911729 1.00000000 0.00238592 -0.03451065 1.00000000 0.00232063 -0.03993540 1.00000000 0.00224515 -0.04539188 1.00000000 0.00215948 -0.05088046 1.00000000 0.00206362 -0.05640152 1.00000000 0.00195758 -0.06195545 1.00000000 0.00184135 -0.06754265 1.00000000 0.00171493 -0.07316354 1.00000000 0.00157833 -0.07881854 1.00000000 0.00143153 -0.08450809 1.00000000 0.00127455 -0.09023265 1.00000000 0.00110738 -0.09599267 1.00000000 -0.00427996 -0.09599267 1.00000000 -0.00409822 -0.09023265 1.00000000 -0.00392679 -0.08450809 1.00000000 -0.00376568 -0.07881854 1.00000000 -0.00361489 -0.07316354 1.00000000 -0.00347442 -0.06754265 1.00000000 -0.00334427 -0.06195545 1.00000000 -0.00322444 -0.05640152 1.00000000 -0.00311493 -0.05088046 1.00000000 -0.00301574 -0.04539188 1.00000000 -0.00292687 -0.03993540 1.00000000 -0.00284832 -0.03451065 1.00000000 -0.00278009 -0.02911729 1.00000000 -0.00272218 -0.02375497 1.00000000 -0.00267459 -0.01842334 1.00000000 -0.00263731 -0.01312210 1.00000000 -0.00261036 -0.00785092 1.00000000 -0.00259373 -0.00260951 1.00000000 -0.00258741 0.00260244 1.00000000 -0.00259142 0.00778519 1.00000000 -0.00260574 0.01293903 1.00000000 -0.00263039 0.01806422 1.00000000 -0.00266535 0.02316101 1.00000000 -0.00271063 0.02822966 1.00000000 -0.00276624 0.03327040 1.00000000 -0.00283216 0.03828345 1.00000000 -0.00290840 0.04326905 1.00000000 -0.00299496 0.04822740 1.00000000 -0.00309184 0.05315870 1.00000000 -0.00319904 0.05806316 1.00000000 -0.00331657 0.06294095 1.00000000 -0.00344441 0.06779228 1.00000000 -0.00358256 0.07261729 1.00000000 ) INS-85300_PIXEL_CENTERS = ( -0.00108818 0.07020806 1.00000000 -0.00093824 0.06536991 1.00000000 -0.00079941 0.06050538 1.00000000 -0.00067170 0.05561427 1.00000000 -0.00055509 0.05069642 1.00000000 -0.00044959 0.04575162 1.00000000 -0.00035520 0.04077967 1.00000000 -0.00027192 0.03578037 1.00000000 -0.00019974 0.03075350 1.00000000 -0.00013868 0.02569884 1.00000000 -0.00008873 0.02061615 1.00000000 -0.00004988 0.01550519 1.00000000 -0.00002214 0.01036571 1.00000000 -0.00000552 0.00519744 1.00000000 0.00000000 0.00000000 1.00000000 -0.00000559 -0.00522651 1.00000000 -0.00002229 -0.01048277 1.00000000 -0.00005010 -0.01576894 1.00000000 -0.00008902 -0.02108534 1.00000000 -0.00013905 -0.02643227 1.00000000 -0.00020019 -0.03181007 1.00000000 -0.00027243 -0.03721908 1.00000000 -0.00035579 -0.04265965 1.00000000 -0.00045025 -0.04813213 1.00000000 -0.00055583 -0.05363690 1.00000000 -0.00067251 -0.05917435 1.00000000 -0.00080030 -0.06474487 1.00000000 -0.00093920 -0.07034886 1.00000000 -0.00108921 -0.07598675 1.00000000 -0.00125033 -0.08165897 1.00000000 -0.00142256 -0.08736596 1.00000000 -0.00160590 -0.09310820 1.00000000 ) \begintext LAMP Optics Parameters ---------------------------------------------------------- LAMP has the following optics parameters: ----------------------------------------------------------------- parameter value ----------------------------------------------------------------- Focal length (mm) 120 f/ratio f/3 IFOV (spatial) (degrees/pixel) 0.3 Aperture diameter (mm) 40 ----------------------------------------------------------------- These parameters are captured in the following keywords in the same units as in the table: \begindata INS-85300_FOCAL_LENGTH = ( 120 ) INS-85300_F/RATIO = ( 3 ) INS-85300_IFOV = ( 0.3 ) INS-85300_APERTURE_DIAMETER = ( 40 ) \begintext LAMP Detector Parameters ---------------------------------------------------------- LAMP has the following detector parameters: ----------------------------------------------------------------- parameter value ----------------------------------------------------------------- Detector size in pixels 1024 x 32 Detector center (511.5, 15.5) ----------------------------------------------------------------- These parameters are captured in the following keywords in the same units as in the table (note that pixel numbers begin at 0): \begindata INS-85300_PIXEL_SAMPLES = ( 1024 ) INS-85300_PIXEL_LINES = ( 32 ) INS-85300_DETECTOR_CENTER = ( 511.5, 15.5 ) \begintext